The John Deere 855 is a compact utility tractor renowned for its versatility and reliability. Manufactured between 1989 and 1996, it was a popular choice for homeowners, small farmers, and groundskeepers due to its manageable size and capable performance. This tractor is equipped with a Yanmar 3TN75RJ diesel engine, a three-cylinder powerhouse that delivers ample power for various tasks. Understanding the basic specifications of your 855 is crucial for proper maintenance and efficient operation; knowing the engine's horsepower, fuel capacity, and hydraulic system capabilities will help you select the appropriate implements and perform necessary maintenance tasks effectively. Make sure to consult the original manufacturer's specifications for the most accurate data regarding your specific model year, as there may be minor variations over the production run.
Beyond the engine, the John Deere 855 features a robust drivetrain designed for durability. It typically comes equipped with either a gear transmission or a hydrostatic transmission, offering different operational characteristics. The gear transmission provides positive engagement and is well-suited for heavy-duty work, while the hydrostatic transmission allows for smooth, variable speed control, making it ideal for tasks requiring precise maneuvering. Furthermore, the tractor's four-wheel-drive capability (if so equipped) enhances traction and stability on uneven terrain, expanding its usability in diverse conditions. The sturdy chassis and well-engineered axles contribute to the tractor's overall longevity and its ability to handle demanding tasks with ease. Carefully examine the condition of your drivetrain components during regular inspections and address any potential issues promptly to prevent costly repairs.
Operating any tractor, including the John Deere 855, requires strict adherence to safety precautions to prevent accidents and injuries. Before starting the tractor, thoroughly inspect the surrounding area for any obstacles, people, or animals that could pose a hazard. Ensure that all safety shields and guards are in place and functioning correctly, as these are designed to protect you from moving parts. Familiarize yourself with the tractor's controls and emergency shut-off procedures; knowing how to quickly stop the engine in an emergency situation is crucial for preventing accidents. Never operate the tractor under the influence of alcohol or drugs, as this impairs judgment and reaction time, significantly increasing the risk of an accident.
When operating the John Deere 855 on slopes or uneven terrain, exercise extreme caution to avoid rollovers. Reduce speed, engage four-wheel drive if available, and avoid sudden turns. Always wear a seatbelt to minimize the risk of injury in the event of a rollover. Be mindful of the tractor's center of gravity, especially when operating with attachments such as loaders or backhoes; these can significantly alter the tractor's stability. Regularly inspect the tractor's tires for proper inflation and wear, as underinflated or damaged tires can compromise stability and control. Remember that proper maintenance and adherence to safety guidelines are essential for ensuring a safe and productive operating experience.
A comprehensive understanding of the John Deere 855's controls and instrumentation is paramount for efficient and safe operation. The instrument panel typically includes gauges for monitoring engine temperature, oil pressure, and fuel level. Regularly check these gauges while operating the tractor to identify potential problems early on; abnormal readings may indicate a mechanical issue that requires immediate attention. The steering wheel controls the direction of the tractor, while the throttle regulates engine speed. Become familiar with the location and function of all levers and pedals, including the clutch (if equipped), brakes, and hydraulic controls. Practice using the controls in a safe, open area until you are comfortable with their operation.
The hydraulic controls allow you to operate various attachments, such as loaders, backhoes, and mowers. Understanding how to properly adjust the hydraulic flow and pressure is essential for optimal performance and to prevent damage to the tractor or implements. The power take-off (PTO) engages and disengages the rotating shaft used to power implements such as mowers and tillers. Before engaging the PTO, ensure that the implement is properly attached and that all safety shields are in place. Carefully read the operator's manual for specific instructions on operating each control and instrument, as these can vary slightly depending on the model year and configuration of your John Deere 855. By mastering the controls and instrumentation, you can confidently and effectively utilize your tractor for a wide range of tasks.
Before firing up your John Deere 855, a thorough pre-start check is absolutely crucial to ensure both your safety and the longevity of your machine. Begin by visually inspecting the entire tractor for any signs of damage, leaks, or loose components. Pay close attention to the tires, ensuring they are properly inflated and free from cuts or punctures. Also, check all fluid levels, including engine oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid, and fuel, topping them off as needed to the appropriate levels indicated in the manual. Finally, make sure that all safety guards are properly in place, secure, and functioning correctly; safety first, always.
Continue your pre-start inspection by verifying the functionality of your lights and warning systems. Turn the ignition key to the "on" position (without starting the engine) and check all lights, including headlights, taillights, and turn signals. Listen for any warning buzzers or indicator lights that may be signaling a problem. Ensure that the seatbelt is in good condition and that the parking brake is engaged before attempting to start the engine. A functional warning system is critical for identifying potential issues before they escalate into major problems during operation.
Starting the John Deere 855 engine requires a systematic approach. Ensure the parking brake is engaged and the transmission is in neutral. Turn the ignition key to the "on" position and wait for the glow plug indicator light to go out, especially in colder weather. This preheating process is essential for ensuring proper combustion and a smooth start. Once the light goes out, turn the key fully to the "start" position and hold it until the engine starts. Avoid prolonged cranking, as this can damage the starter motor. If the engine fails to start after several attempts, consult the troubleshooting section of this manual.
Properly stopping the engine is equally important for maintaining the tractor's health. Allow the engine to idle for a few minutes before shutting it down, especially after heavy use. This allows the engine to cool down gradually and prevents thermal shock. Turn the ignition key to the "off" position and ensure the engine has completely stopped running. Then, always set the parking brake to prevent unexpected movement. Finally, remove the key to prevent unauthorized use and potential safety hazards. A slow cool down is important for the integrity of the machine to prevent thermal issues.
Understanding the John Deere 855's transmission and hydraulic systems is vital for efficient and safe operation. The transmission allows you to select the appropriate gear for the task at hand, whether it's slow, controlled movements for precision work or higher speeds for transport. Familiarize yourself with the gear ranges and shift patterns to ensure smooth transitions between gears. Avoid abrupt shifting or "grinding" the gears, as this can cause premature wear and damage to the transmission components. Select the appropriate gear that will allow the engine to remain running smoothly under load.
The hydraulic system powers various attachments and implements, providing the force needed for lifting, pushing, and pulling. Become familiar with the hydraulic control levers and understand their functions. Operate the levers smoothly and avoid sudden movements, as this can put unnecessary strain on the hydraulic system. Regularly check the hydraulic fluid level and inspect for any leaks, as a loss of hydraulic pressure can significantly impact the performance of your attachments. Always bleed the air from your hydraulic system to prevent damage and ensure smooth operations.
The John Deere 855 is a versatile machine capable of handling a wide range of attachments and implements, from mowers and tillers to loaders and backhoes. Always consult the attachment's or implement's specific operating manual for detailed instructions and safety precautions. Ensure that the attachment is properly secured to the tractor and that all connections are tight. Before operating any attachment, thoroughly inspect it for any signs of damage or wear.
When operating attachments, be mindful of your surroundings and take extra precautions to avoid hazards. Be aware of overhead obstructions, underground utilities, and bystanders. Adjust the tractor's speed and steering to match the operating conditions and the requirements of the attachment. Always disengage the attachment and shut down the engine before making any adjustments or repairs. With proper training and adherence to safety guidelines, the John Deere 855 can be safely and effectively used with a variety of attachments to accomplish a wide range of tasks.
Maintaining proper lubrication is paramount to the longevity and optimal performance of your John Deere 855 tractor. Neglecting lubrication can lead to premature wear and tear on critical components, resulting in costly repairs and downtime. Adhering to the recommended lubrication schedule ensures that all moving parts receive the necessary grease or oil to minimize friction and heat buildup. The specific lubrication points and intervals are detailed in the maintenance chart typically found in the operator's manual, and should be strictly followed. Consistent lubrication not only reduces wear but also helps prevent corrosion and the buildup of contaminants.
Key areas requiring regular lubrication include the front axle pivot points, steering linkages, loader arm pivots (if equipped), and the three-point hitch mechanisms. High-quality grease specifically designed for agricultural machinery should be used, as it offers superior resistance to water washout and extreme pressure. When lubricating, always clean the grease fittings before applying the grease gun to avoid forcing dirt and debris into the bearings. Apply grease until fresh grease appears at the seals, indicating that the old, contaminated grease has been purged. Remember to consult your operator's manual for the specific types of lubricants recommended for each application and the appropriate amount to use.
Regularly checking and maintaining proper fluid levels is essential for the smooth operation and longevity of your John Deere 855. These fluids include engine oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid, and transmission fluid, each performing a critical function in the tractor's operation. Low fluid levels can lead to overheating, reduced performance, and ultimately, component failure. Conversely, overfilling can also cause problems, such as foaming or leakage, which can be equally detrimental. Always check fluid levels with the tractor on a level surface and the engine turned off, allowing the fluids to settle.
Engine oil should be checked daily before starting the tractor, using the dipstick located on the engine. Coolant levels should be checked in the radiator or coolant reservoir, ensuring it is between the minimum and maximum lines. Hydraulic fluid and transmission fluid levels are typically checked through sight glasses or dipsticks located on the respective reservoirs. Replacement intervals for each fluid vary based on operating conditions and hours of use, but are generally outlined in the operator's manual. Always use the recommended type of fluid specified by John Deere to ensure compatibility and optimal performance. Drain and replace fluids according to the recommended intervals, taking care to dispose of used fluids responsibly.
Filters are the unsung heroes of your tractor, protecting critical components from harmful contaminants that can cause significant damage. Regular filter maintenance, including inspection, cleaning (where applicable), and replacement, is crucial for maintaining engine performance, fuel efficiency, and overall reliability. Ignoring filter maintenance can lead to reduced engine power, increased fuel consumption, and even catastrophic engine failure. Understanding the function of each filter type – oil, fuel, and air – is key to implementing an effective maintenance schedule.
The oil filter removes contaminants from the engine oil, preventing wear on engine bearings and other moving parts. Replace the oil filter at the recommended intervals, typically during oil changes. The fuel filter prevents dirt, rust, and other particles from entering the fuel system, protecting the fuel injectors and pump. Fuel filters should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule, or more frequently if you suspect contaminated fuel. The air filter prevents dust, dirt, and debris from entering the engine cylinders, ensuring proper combustion and preventing engine damage. Air filters should be inspected regularly and cleaned or replaced as needed, depending on the operating environment. In dusty conditions, more frequent cleaning or replacement may be necessary. Remember to always use genuine John Deere filters or equivalent replacements that meet the manufacturer's specifications to ensure proper filtration and engine protection.
Proper tire maintenance and inflation are essential for safe operation, optimal traction, and extended tire life. Underinflated tires can lead to excessive wear, reduced fuel efficiency, and increased risk of tire damage. Overinflated tires can result in a harsh ride, reduced traction, and uneven wear. Regularly checking tire pressure with a reliable gauge is critical, especially before undertaking heavy work or long periods of operation. Tire pressure recommendations can be found on the tire sidewall or in the operator's manual.
In addition to maintaining proper inflation, regularly inspect tires for cuts, bulges, or other damage. Remove any embedded objects, such as rocks or nails, to prevent punctures. Rotate tires periodically to promote even wear and extend their lifespan. When operating on uneven terrain, consider adjusting tire pressure to improve traction and reduce the risk of slippage. Consult your operator's manual for specific recommendations on tire inflation and maintenance based on your tractor model and operating conditions. Using the correct tire pressure not only enhances performance but also ensures a safer and more comfortable operating experience.
Diagnosing engine problems on a John Deere 855 can seem daunting, but a systematic approach is key to success. Start by observing the symptoms carefully. Is the engine hard to start? Does it run rough or stall frequently? Is there excessive smoke coming from the exhaust? These observations provide valuable clues. Next, check the basic parameters like fuel level, battery voltage, and oil level. Low fuel or a weak battery can mimic other more serious issues. Remember to always consult the John Deere 855's technical manual for specific tolerances and torque specifications before proceeding with any repairs.
If the engine cranks but doesn't start, begin by verifying fuel delivery. Check the fuel filter for clogs and the fuel lines for leaks or restrictions. You might need to bleed the fuel system to remove any air pockets. If the engine runs but has poor performance, consider checking the air filter, fuel injectors, and compression. A dirty air filter can choke the engine, while faulty injectors or low compression will result in reduced power and efficiency. Using a compression tester is a standard procedure and the result can point to potential valve damage, piston ring wear, or cylinder head gasket leaks.
Excessive smoke can be an indicator of various problems. Black smoke usually signifies incomplete combustion due to a rich fuel mixture. This could be caused by faulty injectors, a restricted air filter, or incorrect timing. White smoke often indicates water or coolant entering the combustion chamber, suggesting a blown head gasket or cracked cylinder head. Blue smoke is typically a sign of burning oil, which could be due to worn piston rings or valve seals. Resolving these issues promptly will prevent further damage and ensure the longevity of your engine. Always prioritize safety and disconnect the battery before starting any repair work on the fuel system or electrical system.
Transmission problems in the John Deere 855 can manifest in several ways, including difficulty shifting gears, slipping gears, or unusual noises. Before diving into complex repairs, ensure the transmission fluid level is correct and the fluid is clean. Low fluid can cause poor shifting performance, while contaminated fluid can damage internal components. If the fluid appears milky, it could indicate water contamination, which requires immediate attention and a fluid change. Regularly checking and maintaining the transmission fluid is a crucial preventative measure.
Difficulty shifting gears could be due to worn or damaged shift linkages, faulty synchronizers, or internal transmission damage. Inspect the shift linkages for any looseness or binding. If the linkages are in good condition, the problem might be with the synchronizers, which are responsible for matching the speeds of the gears during shifting. Transmission slippage, where the transmission disengages from the selected gear under load, is a sign of internal wear and tear. This can result from worn clutch plates or damaged gears and require more invasive work on the transmission itself.
Unusual noises, such as grinding or whining sounds, can also indicate transmission problems. Grinding noises are often associated with damaged gears or bearings, while whining noises could point to worn bearings or low fluid levels. If you encounter any of these symptoms, it is best to consult a qualified mechanic or refer to the John Deere 855 service manual for detailed troubleshooting steps. Attempting to repair the transmission without the proper knowledge and tools can lead to further damage and costly repairs. Remember to always use genuine John Deere parts for replacements to ensure compatibility and longevity.
The hydraulic system is the heart of many functions on the John Deere 855, and its proper operation is vital. Hydraulic failures can present as slow or weak operation of implements, leaks, or complete loss of hydraulic function. The first step in troubleshooting is to visually inspect the entire system for any obvious leaks in hoses, fittings, or hydraulic cylinders. Leaks can not only reduce system pressure but also create a safety hazard. Make sure all connections are tight and hoses are in good condition, free from cracks or bulges. It is very important to remember that hydraulic fluid can be dangerous under pressure.
If there are no visible leaks, check the hydraulic fluid level in the reservoir. Low fluid levels can cause the pump to cavitate, leading to reduced performance and potential damage. If the fluid level is good, inspect the hydraulic filter for clogs. A clogged filter can restrict flow and reduce system pressure. Replacing the hydraulic filter regularly is a critical maintenance task. If the problem persists, the issue may lie with the hydraulic pump itself. Use a pressure gauge to test the pump's output pressure. Low pressure readings indicate a faulty pump that may require repair or replacement.
Another common issue is a faulty hydraulic cylinder. Cylinders can leak internally, causing implements to drift or not hold their position. If you suspect a cylinder is leaking, carefully inspect the cylinder rod seals for damage. Replacing the cylinder seals is often a straightforward repair, but it requires specialized tools and knowledge. Refer to the John Deere 855 service manual for detailed instructions. When working on the hydraulic system, always relieve the pressure before disconnecting any lines or components. This will prevent accidental fluid injection and potential injuries.
Electrical issues can be frustrating, but with a multimeter and a systematic approach, they can be resolved. Common electrical problems on the John Deere 855 include a dead battery, starting problems, lighting failures, and gauge malfunctions. Begin by checking the battery voltage with a multimeter. A fully charged battery should read around 12.6 volts. If the voltage is low, try charging the battery. If the battery won't hold a charge, it may need to be replaced. Also, inspect the battery terminals and cables for corrosion. Clean the terminals with a wire brush and ensure the connections are tight. A loose or corroded connection can prevent the engine from starting.
If the engine cranks but doesn't start, check the starter motor and solenoid. Use a multimeter to test for voltage at the solenoid when the ignition key is turned. If there is no voltage, the problem may lie with the ignition switch or wiring. If there is voltage, the solenoid may be faulty and need to be replaced. Lighting failures can be caused by burned-out bulbs, faulty wiring, or a bad switch. Use a multimeter to test for voltage at the light socket. If there is no voltage, trace the wiring back to the switch and check for any breaks or shorts. Replace any faulty components as needed. Always make sure to use the correct voltage rating when replacing bulbs.
Gauge malfunctions can be caused by faulty sensors, wiring problems, or a bad gauge itself. Use a multimeter to test the sensor output voltage. Compare the readings to the values specified in the John Deere 855 service manual. If the sensor is faulty, replace it. If the sensor is working properly, check the wiring between the sensor and the gauge. Look for any breaks or shorts in the wiring. If the wiring is good, the gauge itself may be faulty and need to be replaced. Always disconnect the battery before working on the electrical system to prevent accidental shorts and damage.
Replacing components on the John Deere 855 requires careful attention to detail and adherence to proper procedures. Before starting any repair, always consult the John Deere 855 service manual for specific instructions and torque specifications. Using the correct tools and following the recommended procedures will ensure a successful repair and prevent damage to other components. When replacing a component, always use genuine John Deere parts to ensure compatibility and longevity. Aftermarket parts may not meet the same quality standards and could lead to premature failure or damage. Safety is paramount. Always disconnect the battery before starting any repair work.
When replacing parts like filters (oil, fuel, air, hydraulic), make sure to properly lubricate any seals before installation. This will prevent leaks and ensure a good seal. When installing threaded fasteners, use a torque wrench to tighten them to the specified torque. Over-tightening can damage the threads, while under-tightening can lead to loosening and failure. Keep track of any removed parts, especially small components like washers and O-rings, to ensure they are reinstalled in the correct location. Taking photos or making diagrams can be helpful for remembering the order of assembly. The organization of the work area and cleanliness of the parts being reinstalled are important.
After completing a repair, thoroughly inspect the area for any loose connections, leaks, or other issues. Start the engine and check for proper operation. If everything appears to be working correctly, test the system under load to ensure it can handle the demands of normal operation. Keep detailed records of all repairs and maintenance performed on the John Deere 855. This will help you track the history of the machine and identify any recurring problems. Proper maintenance and timely repairs will extend the life of your John Deere 855 and keep it running smoothly for years to come. Always prioritize safety. If you are not comfortable performing a repair, seek assistance from a qualified mechanic.
The electrical system in your John Deere 855 is the lifeline that keeps everything running smoothly, from starting the engine to powering the lights. A well-maintained electrical system ensures optimal performance and prevents costly breakdowns. Understanding the basics of this system is crucial for any owner or operator of a John Deere 855 tractor. This chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of the key components, wiring, and troubleshooting techniques to help you keep your tractor's electrical system in top condition. By familiarizing yourself with the fundamentals, you'll be better equipped to diagnose problems, perform routine maintenance, and ensure the longevity of your machine.
John Deere utilizes a 12-volt DC electrical system in the 855 model. This means the system relies on direct current and operates at 12 volts. Knowing this fundamental principle is important when selecting replacement parts, charging the battery, or troubleshooting electrical issues. The system consists of a battery, alternator, starter, wiring harness, fuses, relays, and various sensors and switches. Each component plays a specific role in ensuring the efficient operation of the tractor. A failure in any of these components can lead to a variety of problems, including difficulty starting, electrical shorts, and malfunctioning lights or instruments. Therefore, it's essential to understand the function of each component and how they interact with each other.
The wiring diagram is the roadmap of your tractor's electrical system. It provides a detailed representation of all the electrical components and their connections. It may look complex at first glance, but with practice, you can learn to interpret it effectively. Familiarize yourself with the symbols used to represent different components, such as fuses, relays, switches, and sensors. Understanding the color coding of the wires is also crucial, as it indicates the circuit or function each wire serves. The wiring diagram is an invaluable tool for troubleshooting electrical problems, as it allows you to trace circuits and identify potential faults. Always refer to the wiring diagram specific to your John Deere 855 model, as variations may exist depending on the year of manufacture.
When using the wiring diagram, start by identifying the specific circuit you are troubleshooting. For example, if your headlights are not working, locate the headlight circuit in the diagram. Trace the circuit from the battery, through the switch, relay (if applicable), and finally to the headlights. Check for any breaks, shorts, or loose connections along the way. A multimeter can be used to test for voltage and continuity in the circuit. Pay close attention to grounding points, as a poor ground connection can cause a variety of electrical problems. With practice and patience, you'll be able to navigate the wiring diagram and effectively diagnose and repair electrical issues on your John Deere 855.
Fuses and relays are crucial components that protect the electrical system from overloads and control various functions. Fuses are designed to blow when the current exceeds a certain limit, preventing damage to other components. Relays act as switches, allowing a small current to control a larger current circuit. Regularly inspect the fuses and relays in your John Deere 855 to ensure they are in good condition. Look for signs of corrosion, damage, or overheating. If a fuse is blown, always replace it with a fuse of the same amperage rating. Using a fuse with a higher rating can damage the circuit and potentially cause a fire.
To replace a fuse or relay, first, turn off the ignition switch. Locate the fuse box or relay panel, which is usually located under the hood or near the operator's seat. Consult your owner's manual or the wiring diagram to identify the specific fuse or relay you need to replace. Carefully remove the old fuse or relay and install the new one. Ensure that the new fuse or relay is securely seated in its socket. After replacing the fuse or relay, test the circuit to ensure it is functioning properly. If the fuse blows again immediately, it indicates a short circuit in the system that needs to be investigated further. Replacing fuses with higher-rated ones can lead to irreversible damage to the entire system.
The battery is the heart of the electrical system, providing the initial power to start the engine and run various accessories. Proper battery maintenance is essential for ensuring reliable performance and extending the battery's lifespan. Regularly check the battery terminals for corrosion and clean them with a wire brush if necessary. Ensure that the battery cables are securely connected to the terminals. Check the electrolyte level in the battery (if applicable) and add distilled water as needed. Keep the battery clean and free of dirt and debris. A clean battery will perform better and last longer.
When charging the battery, use a charger that is compatible with 12-volt batteries. Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Avoid overcharging the battery, as this can damage the battery plates. If the battery is consistently losing its charge, it may be a sign of a failing battery or a problem with the charging system. Have the battery tested by a qualified technician to determine if it needs to be replaced. Proper charging techniques can substantially extend the life of your battery and save money on replacements. Furthermore, regularly testing the battery voltage can indicate the health of the electrical system.
The starter and alternator are vital components of the electrical system. The starter is responsible for cranking the engine, while the alternator is responsible for charging the battery and powering the electrical accessories while the engine is running. Common starter problems include a clicking sound when attempting to start, slow cranking, or no cranking at all. Alternator problems can manifest as a dead battery, dimming lights, or a warning light on the dashboard. When troubleshooting starter or alternator problems, start by checking the battery voltage and connections.
If the starter is not working, check the starter solenoid and the wiring connections to the starter. A faulty solenoid or a loose connection can prevent the starter from engaging. If the alternator is not charging the battery, check the alternator belt for proper tension and signs of wear. Use a multimeter to check the alternator's output voltage. A healthy alternator should produce around 13.5 to 14.5 volts. If the alternator is not producing the correct voltage, it may need to be rebuilt or replaced. Regularly inspecting these components and proactively addressing issues can prevent costly repairs down the road. Remember to disconnect the negative battery cable before working on any electrical components.
The John Deere 855 tractor relies heavily on its hydraulic system for a multitude of functions, from powering the loader and backhoe to controlling the steering and implement lift. Using the correct hydraulic oil is paramount to the longevity and efficient operation of this critical system. Refer to your tractor's operator manual for the specific hydraulic oil type recommended by John Deere, paying close attention to the viscosity grade and any specific John Deere oil specifications, such as Hy-Gard. Using an incorrect oil can lead to decreased performance, increased wear, and even damage to the hydraulic pump, valves, and cylinders. Always prioritize using a high-quality hydraulic oil from a reputable manufacturer to ensure optimal lubrication and protection for your hydraulic components. Remember that mixing different types of hydraulic oil can also be detrimental, so always flush the system completely before switching to a different brand or type.
Maintaining the correct hydraulic oil level is also crucial. Regularly check the oil level using the dipstick or sight glass located on the hydraulic reservoir. The oil level should be within the indicated range, typically between the minimum and maximum marks. Low oil levels can lead to pump cavitation, which is the formation of air bubbles in the oil that can damage the pump and reduce hydraulic pressure. Overfilling the reservoir can cause oil to overflow, especially when the oil heats up and expands during operation. Be sure to inspect the hydraulic reservoir and all related lines for any signs of leaks, addressing them promptly to prevent oil loss and maintain the integrity of the hydraulic system.
Hydraulic leaks are a common problem in tractors and can lead to reduced hydraulic performance, increased operating costs due to oil loss, and potential environmental contamination. The first step in troubleshooting a hydraulic leak is to thoroughly inspect the entire hydraulic system for any signs of oil leakage. Pay close attention to hydraulic lines, fittings, cylinders, valves, and the hydraulic pump. Look for wet spots, oil drips, or areas where dirt and debris have accumulated due to oil seepage. Once you have located the source of the leak, determine the severity of the leak to decide the best course of action.
Minor leaks from fittings can often be resolved by tightening the fitting securely. However, be careful not to overtighten, as this can damage the fitting or the threads. If tightening the fitting does not stop the leak, it may be necessary to replace the fitting or the O-ring or seal. For leaks from hydraulic cylinders, inspect the cylinder rods for damage, such as scratches or dents, which can damage the seals. Leaks from hydraulic valves may indicate a worn or damaged valve spool or seals. If you are not comfortable repairing hydraulic components yourself, it is best to take the tractor to a qualified mechanic. It's crucial to address leaks promptly to prevent further damage to the hydraulic system and to minimize the risk of environmental contamination.
Proper hydraulic pressure is essential for the optimal performance of your John Deere 855 tractor. If the hydraulic pressure is too low, the tractor may not be able to lift heavy loads or operate implements effectively. If the hydraulic pressure is too high, it can damage hydraulic components and reduce the lifespan of the system. The hydraulic pressure on the John Deere 855 is typically adjusted using a pressure relief valve located on the hydraulic pump or valve manifold. Before adjusting the hydraulic pressure, consult your tractor's service manual to determine the correct pressure specifications for your model. Using an accurate pressure gauge is also critical for obtaining accurate readings during the adjustment process.
To adjust the hydraulic pressure, first locate the pressure relief valve. Loosen the locknut on the adjustment screw and then turn the screw clockwise to increase the pressure or counterclockwise to decrease the pressure. Make small adjustments and then recheck the pressure using the pressure gauge. Continue adjusting the pressure until it reaches the specified value. Once the pressure is set, tighten the locknut to secure the adjustment screw. It is important to note that adjusting the hydraulic pressure incorrectly can damage the hydraulic system. If you are not comfortable performing this procedure yourself, it is best to take the tractor to a qualified mechanic who has the proper tools and knowledge to adjust the pressure correctly.
Hydraulic cylinders are responsible for converting hydraulic pressure into linear motion, powering a wide range of functions on your John Deere 855 tractor. Over time, the seals in hydraulic cylinders can wear out, causing leaks and reduced performance. Repairing hydraulic cylinders involves disassembling the cylinder, inspecting the components for wear or damage, replacing worn seals and components, and reassembling the cylinder. Before disassembling a hydraulic cylinder, make sure to relieve any pressure in the system and thoroughly clean the outside of the cylinder to prevent contamination from entering the cylinder during disassembly. It's always recommended to wear safety glasses and gloves while working on hydraulic components.
Once the cylinder is disassembled, inspect the cylinder barrel for scratches, dents, or corrosion. Inspect the piston rod for damage, such as scratches or dents, which can damage the seals. Replace any worn or damaged components. When replacing the seals, use the correct type and size of seal for your cylinder. Apply a thin coat of hydraulic oil to the seals before installing them to ensure proper lubrication and prevent damage. When reassembling the cylinder, be careful not to damage the seals. After reassembling the cylinder, test it for leaks before installing it on the tractor. If you are not comfortable repairing hydraulic cylinders yourself, it is best to take them to a qualified hydraulic repair shop. They will have the necessary tools and expertise to properly repair the cylinders and ensure that they are functioning correctly.
The Power Take-Off (PTO) is a critical component for operating many attachments on your John Deere 855. It transfers power from the tractor's engine to the implement, enabling it to perform its designated function, such as mowing, tilling, or snow blowing. Before operating any PTO-driven implement, thoroughly familiarize yourself with the tractor's PTO controls and the implement's specific operating instructions. Always disengage the PTO and shut off the engine before attempting any adjustments or maintenance on the implement or the PTO shaft. Failure to follow these safety precautions could result in serious injury or damage to equipment. Regular inspection of the PTO shaft and its shielding is essential to ensure safe and efficient operation.
The John Deere 855 likely uses a standard 540 RPM PTO, meaning the PTO shaft should rotate at approximately 540 revolutions per minute when the engine is at the specified PTO speed, usually indicated on the tractor's tachometer. Operating an implement at the wrong PTO speed can lead to damage or inefficient operation. Always verify that the implement is designed for 540 RPM PTO operation. Incorrect PTO speed can cause excessive vibration, overheating, and potentially catastrophic failure of the implement. Ensure proper lubrication of the PTO shaft and its U-joints is also a vital element of preventive maintenance to minimize wear and ensure smooth power transfer.
Proper installation and removal of attachments are crucial for safe and effective operation. Before attaching any implement, make sure the tractor is on a level surface and the engine is turned off. Inspect the implement's mounting points and the tractor's hitch for any signs of damage or wear. Clean any dirt or debris from the hitch and mounting points to ensure a secure connection. Use the correct size and type of fasteners to secure the implement to the tractor.
When connecting hydraulic lines, always relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system before disconnecting or connecting lines. Use a clean cloth to wipe the hydraulic couplers to prevent dirt and debris from entering the hydraulic system. Follow the implement's instructions for connecting the hydraulic lines. After connecting the implement, check for leaks and ensure that all controls are functioning properly. When removing an implement, follow the same safety precautions in reverse order. Securely store the implement in a safe location when not in use to prevent accidents and damage.
Many implements require specific adjustments to achieve optimal performance. Understanding and properly adjusting these settings is critical for achieving desired results and minimizing wear and tear on both the implement and the tractor. Refer to the implement's operator manual for detailed instructions on how to adjust the settings. Settings like cutting height, tilling depth, and spray nozzle patterns significantly impact the implement's efficiency and effectiveness.
Before making any adjustments, make sure the implement is disconnected from the tractor and that all moving parts have come to a complete stop. When adjusting settings, use the appropriate tools and follow the instructions carefully. Improper adjustments can lead to poor performance, damage to the implement, or even safety hazards. After making adjustments, test the implement in a safe and controlled environment to ensure that it is working properly. Regularly checking and adjusting implement settings is a vital part of maintaining your equipment and ensuring it provides peak performance for years to come.
Even with proper maintenance, attachments can sometimes experience problems. When troubleshooting attachment issues, start by checking the simplest things first, such as the PTO shaft connection, hydraulic lines, and electrical connections. A loose or disconnected connection can often be the cause of the problem. Consult the implement's operator manual for troubleshooting tips and common problems.
If you suspect a more serious problem, such as a hydraulic pump failure or a broken gear, consult a qualified mechanic. Attempting to repair complex mechanical problems without the proper knowledge and tools can be dangerous and may cause further damage. Always follow safety precautions when working on any type of machinery. Remember that preventive maintenance and regular inspections can help to minimize the risk of attachment issues and keep your equipment running smoothly.
Proper preparation is crucial for ensuring your John Deere 855 starts reliably and operates efficiently after a period of extended storage. Neglecting this step can lead to costly repairs and decreased performance down the line. Before even thinking about covering your tractor, you need to address several key areas, starting with fluids. The fuel tank should be filled to the brim with treated fuel (more on that in a moment) to minimize condensation buildup inside the tank, which can lead to rust and fuel system problems. Similarly, check and top off all other fluid levels including engine oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid, and transmission fluid. Consult your John Deere 855 service manual for the correct specifications and recommendations for each fluid type.
Fuel stabilization is absolutely essential when storing your tractor for any significant length of time, particularly if the fuel contains ethanol, as most modern fuels do. Ethanol readily attracts moisture, leading to phase separation, gumming, and corrosion within the fuel system. Add a fuel stabilizer specifically designed for gasoline or diesel engines (depending on your tractor's fuel type) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Run the engine for a few minutes after adding the stabilizer to ensure it circulates throughout the fuel system and reaches the carburetor or fuel injectors. Additionally, consider changing the engine oil and filter before storage. Used oil contains acids and contaminants that can corrode engine components over time. Fresh oil will provide a protective barrier and prevent this corrosion from occurring.
Finally, before moving on to other aspects of preparation, give your John Deere 855 a thorough cleaning. Dirt, mud, and plant debris can trap moisture and contribute to rust and corrosion. Use a pressure washer or garden hose to remove any accumulated grime from the tractor's exterior, paying particular attention to areas around the engine, transmission, and undercarriage. Allow the tractor to dry completely before proceeding to the next steps. Don't forget to clean the battery terminals and apply a thin coat of dielectric grease to prevent corrosion during storage. This simple step can save you headaches when it's time to start the tractor again.
Corrosion is a major enemy of any machine left in storage, especially in environments with high humidity or temperature fluctuations. Combatting this requires a multi-pronged approach, starting with a protective coating on exposed metal surfaces. Consider applying a rust inhibitor or protectant spray to areas prone to rusting, such as bare metal, hinges, and joints. These products create a barrier that prevents moisture from reaching the metal and causing corrosion. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully when applying these products. It's essential to provide adequate ventilation during and after application to avoid inhaling fumes.
The battery is another crucial component that needs special attention during storage. Batteries can self-discharge over time, leading to sulfation and reduced capacity. To prevent this, disconnect the battery cables (starting with the negative terminal) and store the battery in a cool, dry place. Ideally, use a battery maintainer or trickle charger to keep the battery fully charged during the storage period. This will prevent sulfation and extend the battery's lifespan. If you do not have a battery maintainer, check the battery voltage periodically and charge it as needed to maintain a healthy charge level. Remember to label the cables before disconnecting them to ensure proper reconnection later.
Where you store your tractor also makes a huge difference in preventing corrosion. Ideally, store the John Deere 855 in a dry, sheltered location, such as a garage or shed. This will protect it from the elements and reduce the risk of rust and corrosion. If indoor storage is not possible, cover the tractor with a waterproof, breathable cover to protect it from rain, snow, and sunlight. Make sure the cover fits snugly and allows for adequate ventilation to prevent moisture buildup underneath. Consider elevating the tractor slightly off the ground using blocks or jack stands to prevent moisture from wicking up from the ground. Regular inspections during the storage period can also help to identify and address any potential problems early on.
After a long period of storage, a thorough inspection is essential before attempting to start your John Deere 855. Begin by visually inspecting the entire tractor for any signs of damage or corrosion. Check the tires for proper inflation pressure and look for any cracks or dry rot. Inspect all hoses and belts for signs of wear or deterioration. Replace any parts that appear damaged or worn before proceeding. Reconnect the battery cables, ensuring they are securely fastened and free from corrosion. Double-check all fluid levels, including engine oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid, and transmission fluid, and top off as needed.
Before cranking the engine, it's important to prime the fuel system, especially if the tractor has been stored for an extended period. This involves manually pumping fuel through the system to remove any air pockets. Consult your John Deere 855 service manual for the specific procedure for priming the fuel system on your model. Once the fuel system is primed, attempt to start the engine. If the engine does not start immediately, avoid cranking it for extended periods, as this can damage the starter motor. Instead, allow the starter motor to cool down for a few minutes before attempting to start the engine again.
Once the engine starts, let it run for a few minutes to warm up. Pay close attention to any unusual noises or vibrations. Check all gauges and warning lights to ensure they are functioning properly. Gradually increase the engine speed and check for any leaks or other problems. Operate all of the tractor's functions, including the hydraulics, transmission, and PTO, to ensure they are working correctly. If you notice any problems, address them before using the tractor for any heavy work. Performing these post-storage checks and addressing any issues promptly will help ensure that your John Deere 855 is ready for another season of reliable service. Remember safety first.