Use a System’s Behaviour to Help Solve Problems
“From an early age we are taught to break apart problems, to
fragment the world. This apparently makes complex tasks and subjects
more manageable, but we pay a hidden, enormous price... We can no
longer see the consequences of our actions: we lose our intrinsic
sense of connection to a larger whole.”
— Peter Senge, The Fifth Discipline
Supattra Detklahan / Shutterstock
A fourth habit of a systems thinker is a problem-solving approach when dealing with a complex problem. Problems are solved by working with system behaviour, not trying to control outcomes. Often, we are taught to approach complex problems by breaking things down into manageable parts separated from one another. This is traditional analysis, often referred to as “reductionism.” On the other hand, systems thinking is about embracing an understanding of the “whole” and consistently seeking to understand the parts in relation to that larger whole. This way of thinking is called “synthesis.”
When we adopt synthesis, things quickly become complex. How do we draw the boundaries of our problem of focus? How can we control outcomes in the midst of such deep interconnectedness and complexity? The answer is, we don’t. In systems thinking, we recognize that whatever action we take, there will be consequences - many of which are beyond our control. So, when we think of “problem solving” we must eliminate the idea of controlling outcomes. Rather, we think of creating positive consequences with our actions - more of the consequences that we want to see, and less of those of what we don’t.
We consider things such as:
- How might a particular solution play out over the long run?
- What unintended consequences might surface because of it?
- How do my preferred actions limit me from seeing other options that could produce more desirable results?
If this sounds complicated, it is because it is. Watch this short video on an attempt to solve a problem in Borneo to see how problem solving without a systems mindset can create more problems than it solves.
Humber College
Then watch this video on how another simple, real-life intervention (reintroduction of wolves), created a cascade of desirable consequences in a natural system - Yellowstone National Park. This intervention had consequences that were so surprising, scientists continue to study this case in order to understand the complexity of natural systems.
How Wolves Change Rivers
Try It: Thinking Cards
The website linked below provides access to a set of "Thinking Cards," which are designed to be used in workshops, classrooms, or other group settings to foster dialogue and collaborative problem-solving. The Thinking Cards are a great resource to have when planning lessons and courses because they offer a structured and accessible way to engage students in dialogue and problem-solving around complex issues, helping them to develop critical thinking and collaboration skills. The cards are also designed to be flexible and adaptable, meaning that they can be used in a wide range of settings and with a variety of different learners.
By incorporating the Thinking Cards into your courses, you can help learners develop the skills and mindsets needed to address complex challenges in an increasingly interconnected and rapidly changing world. Whether learners are studying social justice, sustainability, or any other complex issue, the Thinking Cards offer them a powerful tool for building students' systems thinking skills and helping them to effect real change in the world around them.
To learn more, explore the Thinking Tools for Systems Change: a set of tools and strategies designed to help individuals and groups approach complex challenges with a systems thinking mindset.